Technology is rapidly changing agricultural processes across the nation. With India’s agricultural sector poised to contribute an estimated 600 billion to the nation's GDP by 2030, a remarkable 50% increase from its 2020 figures, technological innovations are reshaping the rural landscape. Integrating new-age technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), AI, advanced data analytics, and drones into agriculture practices is making day-to-day activities efficient and productive. IoT-enabled practices have been improving agricultural monitoring and management, while AI-powered tools as well as agritech drone services, enhance precision farming and crop monitoring. This digital revolution is not only modernizing age-old farming practices but also sowing the seeds of diverse employment opportunities.
While ongoing tech adoption in the agriculture sector is underway, the challenge of digital literacy and infrastructure in rural areas still exists. To address this, initiatives like the ambitious Digital Literacy Mission, which aims to reach and educate 6 crore rural citizens by 2024, are playing a crucial role in bridging the digital divide. As these transformative technologies continue to evolve, they hold the promise of not only boosting rural employment across different agricultural segments but also economic growth.
Precision agriculture paving way for tech opportunities
The use of tech-enabled solutions in precision farming for crop monitoring and weather forecasting is empowering farmers to make more informed decisions. By utilizing IoT sensors, precision farming is transforming agriculture—optimizing water usage, enhancing monsoon prediction accuracy, and boosting crop yields. According to NITI Aayog, precision farming has the potential to boost farm incomes by 20-25%. This technological advancement is creating a range of job opportunities in rural areas, including roles in system management, sensor installation, data analysis, and technical support. These positions not only offer stable employment but also provide skill-building opportunities for local communities, particularly in managing irrigation technology and the timely application of fertilizers.
At the same time, technological innovations are significantly enhancing farm management and productivity. Drones, for example, are improving crop spraying, soil analysis, and health monitoring. This, in turn, is generating jobs in drone operation, maintenance, data analysis, and technical support. Furthermore, advancements in harvesting methodologies and machinery, supported by government subsidies, are transforming the sector. These subsidies make advanced technologies more accessible to farmers, reducing costs and encouraging their adoption. The result is not only more employment opportunities but also a boost to economic growth in rural areas.
Agritech and finance solutions paving the way for employment
With the ongoing digital revolution, farmers can now access mobile apps to view data on weather, crop prices, and pest management in real-time. With over 500 million smartphone users in rural India as of 2023, these apps also have the capability to aid in monsoon prediction and help farmers make informed decisions regarding irrigation technology and fertilizer application. Not just this, agritech startups are offering digital platforms for inputs, advice, and market linkages, creating roles such as digital facilitators and agricultural consultants. This technology will create potential opportunities for India’s youth in technical support, digital literacy, and customer service. Additionally, digital marketplaces are connecting farmers with retailers and consumers, generating employment in logistics, IT, and digital marketing. These innovations enhance efficiency and drive local economic growth, contributing to the growth of skilled labor in agriculture.
Moreover, government initiatives like AgriStack and the Digital India Campaign have been adding thrust to digitalization in agriculture. On one hand, AgriStack aims to unify farmer data. On the other hand, BharatNet connects over 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats with high-speed internet. While enhancing the agritech ecosystem in the country, these initiatives are paving the way for job opportunities in rural IT infrastructure, including network installation and technical support. This, in turn, bridges the digital divide and enhances access to modern agricultural practices.
Furthermore, the financing landscape for farmers is also advancing. Digital payment platforms and Aadhaar-enabled systems have altered how farmers access credit, insurance, and direct benefit transfers. This shift is creating job opportunities in rural banking, fintech support, and financial advisory. The PM-Kisan scheme, which has transferred over ₹2 lakh crore directly to farmers, exemplifies how these digital services enhance economic stability and job creation in rural areas.
Road Ahead
According to the Avendus report, the market size of agritech is expected to experience explosive growth, more than doubling from 4 billion in 2022 to $ 34 billion by 2027. The food crop segment alone is projected to surge from $ 3 billion to $ 25 billion in the same period. This remarkable growth trajectory also highlights the transformative potential of technology in agriculture. As these innovations continue to evolve and proliferate, they will not only boost productivity and sustainability but also create a wealth of new employment opportunities across various agricultural segments. The digital revolution in agriculture is thus poised to play a crucial role in driving rural development, enhancing economic growth, and shaping the future of India's agricultural landscape. The path ahead is to skill, upskill, and prepare the nation’s workforce for agriculture 4.0.
The author of the article is Subburathinam P, Chief Strategy Officer, TeamLease Services Limited
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October 29, 2024
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